Dementia is an umbrella term for conditions that affect memory, thinking and the ability to manage everyday life. Age and genetics remain important, but neither tells the whole story.
The risk factors researchers can influence
Large evidence reviews increasingly point to hearing loss, high blood pressure, smoking, social isolation, physical inactivity and untreated depression as potentially modifiable risk factors.
That does not mean every case can be prevented. It means population-level risk may be reduced when people have realistic access to prevention, diagnosis and treatment across their lives.
A longer view of brain health
The habits and health conditions that matter may begin decades before symptoms appear. Looking after cardiovascular health, staying socially connected and addressing hearing changes are sensible actions for overall wellbeing—with possible benefits for the brain as well.
No supplement has been proven to prevent dementia. Be cautious of products promising guaranteed memory protection or reversal.